This paper examines the broad features of the United Kingdom’s response to the low-carbon challenge over a number of years, with the aim of identifying a number of general lessons which are relevant to China. The intention is not so much to examine how specific policy instruments used in the United Kingdom may or may not be applied in China, but rather to identify those features of the political economy of energy in the United Kingdom which act to constrain the move to a low carbon economy, and to examine their relevance to China.

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